Spermiotoxicity of Nano-TiO2 Compounds in the Sea Urchin Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816): Considerations on Water Remediation

Despite the great utility of nanoparticles (NPs) in water remediation, their effects on marine ecosystems are unknown and unpredictable. The toxicity most used nanoparticles, such as ZnO, Ag, TiO2 purple sea urchin, Paracentrotus lividus (Lamarck, 1816), has been demonstrated by several authors. aim this study was to evaluate sol-gel TiO2-rGO nanocompounds both vitality motility spermatozoa P. lividus. were exposed at different times (30 60 min) concentrations (10, 20, 40 µg/mL) nano-TiO2 compounds. results clearly showed a decrease exposed. In particular, inversely related exposure time concentration nanocompounds.